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An investigation on the mechanical and tribological properties of an ultrasonic-assisted stir casting al-cu-mg matrix-based composite reinforced with agro waste ash particles
Authors:
Nagaraju Tenali1
,
G. Ganesan1
,
P. Ravindra Babu2
1Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, India
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sheshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College, India
Received: 29 January 2024
Revised: 17 March 2024
Accepted: 26 March 2024
Published: 31 March 2024
Abstract:
This research work reports the influence of 3-μm-sized Palm Sprout Shell Ash (PSSA) reinforcement on the mechanical and tribological behavior of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy. Composites of varying weight percentages of reinforcement ranging from 1 to 6 at intervals of 1 Wt.% were produced using the ultrasonic-assisted bottom-poured stir casting technique. Microstructural studies, mechanical testing, and wear properties analysis were performed on the alloy and the synthesized composites. The microstructure of the obtained samples was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns provided confirmation of the presence of PSSA (SiO2 and Al2O3) particles. The addition of PSSA reinforcement has significantly improved the hardness, tensile strength, and compression strength of composites. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and compression strength were improved by 13.89%, 24.04%, and 32.93%, respectively, with the 6 Wt.% PSSA-reinforced composite. However, the incorporation of reinforcement has resulted in a decrease in the ductility of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy composite; the maximum decrement of 42.87% was with the 6% PSSA-reinforced composite. Tests were conducted at different loads and speeds to evaluate the wear behavior of the prepared samples. Superior wear resistance was observed in the composites. The fracture and wear mechanisms of reinforced and unreinforced were observed using SEM.
Keywords:
Agro waste ash particles, Palm Sprout Shell ash, Metal Matrix Composites, Mechanical Properties, Wear resistance, Fractography, Light weight aluminium based MMCs
References:
[1] A.K. Sharma, R. Bhandari, A. Aherwar, C. Pinca-Bretotean, A study of fabrication methods of aluminium based composites focused on stir casting process. Materials Today: Proceedings, 27, 2020: 1608–1612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.316
[2] M.K. Surappa, Aluminium matrix composites: Challenges and opportunities. Sadhana, 28, 2003: 319–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02717141
[3] M.M. Alam, B.S Motgi, Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al7068 Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash by Powder Metallurgy. International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology, 7(09), 2021: 47–53. https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0709009
[4] G. Moona, R.S. Walia, V. Rastogi, R. Sharma, Aluminium metal matrix composites: A retrospective investigation. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 56, 2017, 164–175.
[5] G.J.N. Gladson, K.D. Raj, R. Devesh, R.J. Prakash, S. Pandurangan, Performance analysis and mechanical behavior of aluminum metal matrix composite. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2484, 2023: 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2484/1/012027
[6] M.A. Maleque, A. Atiqah, R.J. Talib, H. Zahurin. New natural fibre reinforced aluminium composite for automotive brake pad. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), 7(2), 2012: 166–170.
[7] V.S Aigbodion, Bean pod ash nanoparticles a promising reinforcement for aluminium matrix biocomposites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 8(6), 2019:6011–6020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.09.075
[8] A. Bahrami, N. Soltani, M.I. Pech-Canul, C.A. Gutiérrez, Development of metal-matrix composites from industrial/agricultural waste materials and their derivatives. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 46(2), 2016: 143–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2015.1077067
[9] L. Lancaster, M.H. Lung, D. Sujan. Utilization of Agro-Industrial Waste in Metal Matrix Composites: Towards Sustainability. International Journal of Environmental, Ecological, Geomatics, Earth Science and Engineering, 7(1), 2013: 25-33.
[10] S.P. Dwivedi, A. Saxena, A. Kumaraswamy, R. Sahu, Synthesis and characterisation of waste SAC- and RHA-reinforced aluminium-based composite. Green Materials, 10(1), 2022: 23–34.
https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.20.00042
[11] S. Das, T.K. Dan, S.V. Prasad, P.K. Rohatgi, Aluminium alloy—rice husk ash particle composites. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 5, 1986: 562–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01728691
[12] D. Siddharth, J.B. Rao, Synthesis & Characterization of Rha (Rice Husk Ash) Particulates Reinforced A7075 Composites. International Journal of Advances in Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 4(3), 2017:105–111.
[13] M. Safiuddin, Z.J. Mohd, M.A. Salam, M.S. Islam, R. Hashim, Utilization of solid wastes in construction materials. International Journal of the Physical Sciences, 5(13), 2010:1952–1963.
[14] K.K Alaneme, H.I. Eze, M.O Bodunrin, Corrosion behaviour of groundnut shell ash and silicon carbide hybrid reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix composites in 3.5% NaCl and 0.3M H2SO4 solutions. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, (2), 2015: 129-146.
[15] K.K. Alaneme, M.O. Bodunrin, A.A. Awe, Microstructure, mechanical and fracture properties of groundnut shell ash and silicon carbide dispersion strengthened aluminium matrix composites. Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, 30(1), 2018: 96–103.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2016.01.001
[16] M. Poornesh, J.X. Saldanha, J. Singh, G.M. Pinto, Gaurav, Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Coconut Shell Ash and SiC Reinforced Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites. American Journal of Materials Science, 7(4), 2017: 116-119.
[17] M. Abdulwahab, O. Umaru, M. Bawa, H.A. Jibo, Microstructural and thermal study of Al- Si-Mg/melon shell ash particulate composite. Results in Physics, 7, 2017: 947–954.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.02.016
[18] I. Dinaharan, K. Kalaiselvan, N. Murugan, Influence of rice husk ash particles on microstructure and tensile behavior of AA6061 aluminum matrix composites produced using friction stir processing. Composites Communications, 3, 2017: 42–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2017.02.001
[19] J.A.K. Gladston, I. Dinaharan, N.M. Sheriff, J.D.R. Selvam, Dry sliding wear behavior of AA6061 aluminum alloy composites reinforced rice husk ash particulates produced using compocasting. Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 5(2), 2017: 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2017.03.005
[20] J.A.K. Gladston, N.M. Sheriff, I. Dinaharan, J.D.R. Selvam, Production and characterization of rich husk ash particulate reinforced AA6061 aluminum alloy composites by compocasting. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 25(3), 2015: 683–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(15)63653-6
[21] O.O. Joseph, K.O. Babaremu, Agricultural Waste as a Reinforcement Particulate for Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite (AMMCs): A Review. Fibers, 7(4), 2019: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib7040033
[22] P. Mangalore, C.S. Vittal, Akash, A. Ulvekar, Abhiram, J. Sanjay, Advaith, Study of tribological properties of Al 7079 alloy reinforced with agro waste particles. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2080(1), 2019: 020015. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5092898
[23] P.B. Madakson, D.S.Yawas, A. Apasi. (2022). Characterization of Coconut Shell Ash for Potential Utilization in Metal Matrix Composites for Automotive Applications. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST), 4(0975–5462), 1190–1198.
[24] C.U. Atuanya, V.S. Aigbodion, Evaluation of Al–Cu–Mg alloy/bean pod ash nanoparticles synthesis by double layer feeding–stir casting method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 601, 2014: 251–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.02.086
[25] B. Parveez, M.A. Maleque, N.A. Jamal, Influence of agro-based reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites: a systematic review. Journal of Materials Science, 56, 2021: 16195–16222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06305-2
[26] D. Dhaneswara, J.F. Fatriansyah, M.R. Firmansyah, Effect of addition of sodium chloride in sodium nitrate-sodium fluoride- based degasser in aluminum casting. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 578, 2019: 012066. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/578/1/012066
[27] T. Triyono, N. Muhayat, A. Supriyanto, L. Lutiyatmi, Effect of Degassing Treatment on the Interfacial Reaction of Molten Aluminum and Solid Steel. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 17(2), 2017: 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0080
[28] T. Nagaraju, A.C. Tejaswini, R.P. Babu, An Investigation of Alumina Reinforcement Effect on Mechanical Properties of Al 356 Based Metal Matrix Composite. International Journal of Latest Engineering Science (IJLES), 02(03), 2019: 18–23.
[29] K.K. Alaneme, I.B. Akintunde, P.A. Olubambi, T.M. AdewaleFabrication characteristics and mechanical behaviour of rice husk ash – Alumina reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix hybrid composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2(1), 2013: 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2013.03.012
[30] A.R. Reddy, P.V. Krishna, R.N. Rao, Two-body abrasive wear behaviour of AA6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposite fabricated through ultrasonically assisted stir casting. Journal of Composite Materials, 53(15), 2019: 2165–2180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998318822723
[31] Z. Liu, Q. Han, J. Li, Ultrasound assisted in situ technique for the synthesis of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 42(7), 2011: 2080–2084.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.04.004
[32] A.P. Reddy, P.V. Krishna, R.N. Rao, Tribological Behaviour of Al6061–2SiC-xGr Hybrid Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonically Assisted Stir Casting Technique. Silicon, 11, 2019: 2853–2871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-0072-9
[33] Y. Yang, Z. Liu, R. Jiang, R Li, X. Li, Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the AA2219/TiC nanocomposite manufactured by ultrasonic solidification. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 811, 2019: 151991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151991
[34] P. Ajagol, B.N. Anjan, R.N. Marigoudar, G.V.P. Kumar, Effect of SiC Reinforcement on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 376, 2018: 012057. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/376/1/012057
[35] B. Malomo, O. Fadodun, K. Oluwasegun, A. Ogunbodede, S. Ibitoye, L. Adekoya, On the solidification characteristics and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy AA 6061/Al2O3– SICp composite produced by high pressure die casting. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 12(7), 2017: 1804–1818.
[36] M. Nagaral, R.G. Deshapande, V. Auradi, S.B. Boppana, S Dayanand, M.R. Anilkumar, Mechanical and Wear Characterization of Ceramic Boron Carbide-Reinforced Al2024 Alloy Metal Composites. Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion, 7(1), 2021: 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40735-020-00454-8
[37] M.S. Prabhu, A.E. Perumal, S. Arulvel, R.F. Issac, Friction and wear measurements of friction stir processed aluminium alloy 6082/CaCO3 composite. Measurement, 142, 2019: 10–20.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.04.061
[38] N.S. Prabhakar, N. Radhika, R. Raghu, Analysis of Tribological Behavior of Aluminium/B4C Composite Under Dry Sliding Motion. Procedia Engineering, 97, 2014: 994–1003.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.376
[39] P. Ajagol, B.N. Anjan, R.N. Marigoudar, G.V.P. Kumar, Effect of SiC Reinforcement on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 376, 2018: 012057. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/376/1/012057
[40] P. Poddar, S. Mukherjee, K. Sahoo, The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SiC Reinforced Magnesium Based Composites by Rheocasting Process. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 18, 2009:849–855. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-008-9334-1
[41] K.C.K. Kumar, B.R. Kumar, N.M. Rao, Microstructural, Mechanical Characterization, and Fractography of AZ31/SiC Reinforced Composites by Stir Casting Method. Silicon, 14(9), 2022: 5017–5027.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01180-7
[42] L. Fischer, Literature survey report: nano-dispersion strengthening of aluminium, Introduction to Research. University of Colorado, Boulder, USA, 2004.
[43] A. Apasi, P.B. Madakson, D.S. Yawas, and V.S. Aigbodion, Wear Behaviour of Al-Si-Fe Alloy/Coconut Shell Ash Particulate Composites. Tribology in Industry, 3(1), 2012: 36–43.
© 2024 by the authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Volume 9
Number 2
June 2024
Last Edition
Volume 9
Number 2
June 2024
How to Cite
N. Tenali, G. Ganesan, P.R. Babu, An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), 2024: 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
More Citation Formats
Tenali, N., Ganesan, G., & Babu, P.R. (2024). An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
Tenali, Nagaraju, et al. “An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles.“ Applied Engineering Letters, vol. 9, no. 1, 2024, pp. 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
Tenali, Nagaraju, G. Ganesan, P. Ravindra Babu. 2024. “An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles.“ Applied Engineering Letters, 9 (1): 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5.
Tenali, N., Ganesan, G. and Babu, P.R. (2024). An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), pp. 46-63.
doi: 10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5.
An investigation on the mechanical and tribological properties of an ultrasonic-assisted stir casting al-cu-mg matrix-based composite reinforced with agro waste ash particles
Authors:
Nagaraju Tenali1
,
G. Ganesan1
,
P. Ravindra Babu2
1Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, India
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sheshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College, India
Received: 29 January 2024
Revised: 17 March 2024
Accepted: 26 March 2024
Published: 31 March 2024
Abstract:
This research work reports the influence of 3-μm-sized Palm Sprout Shell Ash (PSSA) reinforcement on the mechanical and tribological behavior of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy. Composites of varying weight percentages of reinforcement ranging from 1 to 6 at intervals of 1 Wt.% were produced using the ultrasonic-assisted bottom-poured stir casting technique. Microstructural studies, mechanical testing, and wear properties analysis were performed on the alloy and the synthesized composites. The microstructure of the obtained samples was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns provided confirmation of the presence of PSSA (SiO2 and Al2O3) particles. The addition of PSSA reinforcement has significantly improved the hardness, tensile strength, and compression strength of composites. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and compression strength were improved by 13.89%, 24.04%, and 32.93%, respectively, with the 6 Wt.% PSSA-reinforced composite. However, the incorporation of reinforcement has resulted in a decrease in the ductility of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy composite; the maximum decrement of 42.87% was with the 6% PSSA-reinforced composite. Tests were conducted at different loads and speeds to evaluate the wear behavior of the prepared samples. Superior wear resistance was observed in the composites. The fracture and wear mechanisms of reinforced and unreinforced were observed using SEM.
Keywords:
Agro waste ash particles, Palm Sprout Shell ash, Metal Matrix Composites, Mechanical Properties, Wear resistance, Fractography, Light weight aluminium based MMCs
References:
[1] A.K. Sharma, R. Bhandari, A. Aherwar, C. Pinca-Bretotean, A study of fabrication methods of aluminium based composites focused on stir casting process. Materials Today: Proceedings, 27, 2020: 1608–1612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.316
[2] M.K. Surappa, Aluminium matrix composites: Challenges and opportunities. Sadhana, 28, 2003: 319–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02717141
[3] M.M. Alam, B.S Motgi, Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al7068 Reinforced with Silicon Carbide and Fly Ash by Powder Metallurgy. International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology, 7(09), 2021: 47–53. https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0709009
[4] G. Moona, R.S. Walia, V. Rastogi, R. Sharma, Aluminium metal matrix composites: A retrospective investigation. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 56, 2017, 164–175.
[5] G.J.N. Gladson, K.D. Raj, R. Devesh, R.J. Prakash, S. Pandurangan, Performance analysis and mechanical behavior of aluminum metal matrix composite. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2484, 2023: 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2484/1/012027
[6] M.A. Maleque, A. Atiqah, R.J. Talib, H. Zahurin. New natural fibre reinforced aluminium composite for automotive brake pad. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (IJMME), 7(2), 2012: 166–170.
[7] V.S Aigbodion, Bean pod ash nanoparticles a promising reinforcement for aluminium matrix biocomposites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 8(6), 2019:6011–6020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.09.075
[8] A. Bahrami, N. Soltani, M.I. Pech-Canul, C.A. Gutiérrez, Development of metal-matrix composites from industrial/agricultural waste materials and their derivatives. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 46(2), 2016: 143–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2015.1077067
[9] L. Lancaster, M.H. Lung, D. Sujan. Utilization of Agro-Industrial Waste in Metal Matrix Composites: Towards Sustainability. International Journal of Environmental, Ecological, Geomatics, Earth Science and Engineering, 7(1), 2013: 25-33.
[10] S.P. Dwivedi, A. Saxena, A. Kumaraswamy, R. Sahu, Synthesis and characterisation of waste SAC- and RHA-reinforced aluminium-based composite. Green Materials, 10(1), 2022: 23–34.
https://doi.org/10.1680/jgrma.20.00042
[11] S. Das, T.K. Dan, S.V. Prasad, P.K. Rohatgi, Aluminium alloy—rice husk ash particle composites. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 5, 1986: 562–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01728691
[12] D. Siddharth, J.B. Rao, Synthesis & Characterization of Rha (Rice Husk Ash) Particulates Reinforced A7075 Composites. International Journal of Advances in Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 4(3), 2017:105–111.
[13] M. Safiuddin, Z.J. Mohd, M.A. Salam, M.S. Islam, R. Hashim, Utilization of solid wastes in construction materials. International Journal of the Physical Sciences, 5(13), 2010:1952–1963.
[14] K.K Alaneme, H.I. Eze, M.O Bodunrin, Corrosion behaviour of groundnut shell ash and silicon carbide hybrid reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix composites in 3.5% NaCl and 0.3M H2SO4 solutions. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, (2), 2015: 129-146.
[15] K.K. Alaneme, M.O. Bodunrin, A.A. Awe, Microstructure, mechanical and fracture properties of groundnut shell ash and silicon carbide dispersion strengthened aluminium matrix composites. Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, 30(1), 2018: 96–103.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2016.01.001
[16] M. Poornesh, J.X. Saldanha, J. Singh, G.M. Pinto, Gaurav, Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Coconut Shell Ash and SiC Reinforced Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites. American Journal of Materials Science, 7(4), 2017: 116-119.
[17] M. Abdulwahab, O. Umaru, M. Bawa, H.A. Jibo, Microstructural and thermal study of Al- Si-Mg/melon shell ash particulate composite. Results in Physics, 7, 2017: 947–954.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.02.016
[18] I. Dinaharan, K. Kalaiselvan, N. Murugan, Influence of rice husk ash particles on microstructure and tensile behavior of AA6061 aluminum matrix composites produced using friction stir processing. Composites Communications, 3, 2017: 42–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2017.02.001
[19] J.A.K. Gladston, I. Dinaharan, N.M. Sheriff, J.D.R. Selvam, Dry sliding wear behavior of AA6061 aluminum alloy composites reinforced rice husk ash particulates produced using compocasting. Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 5(2), 2017: 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2017.03.005
[20] J.A.K. Gladston, N.M. Sheriff, I. Dinaharan, J.D.R. Selvam, Production and characterization of rich husk ash particulate reinforced AA6061 aluminum alloy composites by compocasting. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 25(3), 2015: 683–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(15)63653-6
[21] O.O. Joseph, K.O. Babaremu, Agricultural Waste as a Reinforcement Particulate for Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite (AMMCs): A Review. Fibers, 7(4), 2019: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib7040033
[22] P. Mangalore, C.S. Vittal, Akash, A. Ulvekar, Abhiram, J. Sanjay, Advaith, Study of tribological properties of Al 7079 alloy reinforced with agro waste particles. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2080(1), 2019: 020015. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5092898
[23] P.B. Madakson, D.S.Yawas, A. Apasi. (2022). Characterization of Coconut Shell Ash for Potential Utilization in Metal Matrix Composites for Automotive Applications. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST), 4(0975–5462), 1190–1198.
[24] C.U. Atuanya, V.S. Aigbodion, Evaluation of Al–Cu–Mg alloy/bean pod ash nanoparticles synthesis by double layer feeding–stir casting method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 601, 2014: 251–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.02.086
[25] B. Parveez, M.A. Maleque, N.A. Jamal, Influence of agro-based reinforcements on the properties of aluminum matrix composites: a systematic review. Journal of Materials Science, 56, 2021: 16195–16222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06305-2
[26] D. Dhaneswara, J.F. Fatriansyah, M.R. Firmansyah, Effect of addition of sodium chloride in sodium nitrate-sodium fluoride- based degasser in aluminum casting. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 578, 2019: 012066. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/578/1/012066
[27] T. Triyono, N. Muhayat, A. Supriyanto, L. Lutiyatmi, Effect of Degassing Treatment on the Interfacial Reaction of Molten Aluminum and Solid Steel. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 17(2), 2017: 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0080
[28] T. Nagaraju, A.C. Tejaswini, R.P. Babu, An Investigation of Alumina Reinforcement Effect on Mechanical Properties of Al 356 Based Metal Matrix Composite. International Journal of Latest Engineering Science (IJLES), 02(03), 2019: 18–23.
[29] K.K. Alaneme, I.B. Akintunde, P.A. Olubambi, T.M. AdewaleFabrication characteristics and mechanical behaviour of rice husk ash – Alumina reinforced Al-Mg-Si alloy matrix hybrid composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2(1), 2013: 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2013.03.012
[30] A.R. Reddy, P.V. Krishna, R.N. Rao, Two-body abrasive wear behaviour of AA6061-2SiC-2Gr hybrid nanocomposite fabricated through ultrasonically assisted stir casting. Journal of Composite Materials, 53(15), 2019: 2165–2180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998318822723
[31] Z. Liu, Q. Han, J. Li, Ultrasound assisted in situ technique for the synthesis of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 42(7), 2011: 2080–2084.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.04.004
[32] A.P. Reddy, P.V. Krishna, R.N. Rao, Tribological Behaviour of Al6061–2SiC-xGr Hybrid Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonically Assisted Stir Casting Technique. Silicon, 11, 2019: 2853–2871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-0072-9
[33] Y. Yang, Z. Liu, R. Jiang, R Li, X. Li, Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the AA2219/TiC nanocomposite manufactured by ultrasonic solidification. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 811, 2019: 151991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151991
[34] P. Ajagol, B.N. Anjan, R.N. Marigoudar, G.V.P. Kumar, Effect of SiC Reinforcement on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 376, 2018: 012057. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/376/1/012057
[35] B. Malomo, O. Fadodun, K. Oluwasegun, A. Ogunbodede, S. Ibitoye, L. Adekoya, On the solidification characteristics and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy AA 6061/Al2O3– SICp composite produced by high pressure die casting. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 12(7), 2017: 1804–1818.
[36] M. Nagaral, R.G. Deshapande, V. Auradi, S.B. Boppana, S Dayanand, M.R. Anilkumar, Mechanical and Wear Characterization of Ceramic Boron Carbide-Reinforced Al2024 Alloy Metal Composites. Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion, 7(1), 2021: 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40735-020-00454-8
[37] M.S. Prabhu, A.E. Perumal, S. Arulvel, R.F. Issac, Friction and wear measurements of friction stir processed aluminium alloy 6082/CaCO3 composite. Measurement, 142, 2019: 10–20.
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© 2024 by the authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Volume 9
Number 2
June 2024
Last Edition
Volume 9
Number 2
June 2024
How to Cite
N. Tenali, G. Ganesan, P.R. Babu, An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), 2024: 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
More Citation Formats
Tenali, N., Ganesan, G., & Babu, P.R. (2024). An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
Tenali, Nagaraju, et al. “An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles.“ Applied Engineering Letters, vol. 9, no. 1, 2024, pp. 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5
Tenali, Nagaraju, G. Ganesan, P. Ravindra Babu. 2024. “An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles.“ Applied Engineering Letters, 9 (1): 46-63.
https://doi.org/10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5.
Tenali, N., Ganesan, G. and Babu, P.R. (2024). An Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Stir Casting Al-Cu-Mg Matrix-Based Composite Reinforced with Agro Waste Ash Particles. Applied Engineering Letters, 9(1), pp. 46-63.
doi: 10.46793/aeletters.2024.9.1.5.