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EFFECT OF CUTTING PARAMETERS ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND ROUNDNESS ERROR WHEN TURNING THE INTERRUPTED SURFACE OF 40X STEEL USING HSS-TiN INSERT
Authors:
Do Duc Trung1
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi City, 100000, Vietnam
Received: 23.08.2021.
Accepted: 13.02.2022.
Available: 31.03.2022.
Abstract:
This paper presents a research on investigating the effect of cutting parameters on the surface roughness (Ra) and roundness error (RE) when turning the interrupted surface of 40X steel. The TiN coated high speed steel (HSS-TiN) inserts were used in this research. The cutting parameters include cutting velocity, feed rate, and depth of cut. The Box-Behnken method was applied to develop an experimental matrix with fifteen experiments. The influences of cutting parameters on Ra and RE were found using Pareto chart. Two equations that presented the relationship between Ra, RE and cutting parameters were established. These two equations were used to predict Ra and RE. Genetic algorithm (GA) was also used to determine the optimal values of cutting parameters to simultaneously ensure the minimum values of Ra and RE. The further works of this study was also mentioned in this paper.
Keywords:
Interrupted surface, turning, 40X steel, HSS-TiN, surface roughness, roundness error, GA
References:
[1] O. Barıs, D. Halil, T. Mustafa, The effect of mechanical properties and the cutting parameters on machinability of AISI 5140 steel cooled at high cooling rates after hot forging. Journal of polytechnic, 22(4), 2019: 879-887 https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.479345
[2] R. Minodora, T. Lorena, H. Mioara, C. Ion, Tribological characterization of surface topography using abbott-firestone curve. National tribology conference, 24-26 September 2003, Galati, Romania, 208-213.
[3] V.V. Tinh, D.Q. Dung, N.H. Thanh, Study on the tool wear mechanism when turning hard steel 40X. Transport journal, 6, 2018: 12-20.
[4] D.N. Tu, Program the machining of 40X alloy steel parts with complex surfaces on a CNC lathe, Master thesis. Hanoi university of science and technology, 2014.
[5] F. Kahraman, Optimization of cutting parameters for surface roughness in turning of studs manufactured from AISI 5140 steel using the Taguchi method. Materials Testing, 59(1), 2017: 77-80. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110968
[6] K. Mustafa, A. Abdullah, Y.P. Danil, G. Khaled, M. Tadeusz, S. Shubham, Modeling of Cutting Parameters and Tool Geometry for MultiCriteria Optimization of Surface Roughness and Vibration via Response Surface Methodology in Turning of AISI 5140 Steel. Materials, 13(19), 2020: 4242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13194242
[7] V.A.A. Godoy, A.E. Diniz, Turning of interrupted and continuous hardened steel surfaces using ceramic and CBN cutting tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211, 2011: 1014-1025.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.002
[8] F. Klocke, E. Brinksmeier, K. Weinert, Capability Profile of Hard Cutting and Grinding Processes. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 54(2), 2005: 22-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60018-3
[9] A.J.D. Oliveira, A.E. Diniz, D.J. Ursolino, Hard turning in continuous and interrupted cut with PCBN and whisker-reinforced cutting tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(12-13), 2009: 5262-5270.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.03.012
[10] T.J. Ko, H.S. Kim, Surface Integrity and Machineability in Intermittent Hard Turning. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 18, 2001: 168-175 https://doi.org/10.1007/s001700170072
[11] T. Chwalczuk, M. Wiciak, A. Felusia, P. Kieruj, An Investigation of Tool Performance in Interrupted Turning of Inconel 718, MATEC Web of Conferences, 237, 2020: 02008. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823702008
[12] R. Sehgal, M. Nayak, R.K. Sharma, Continuous and Interrupted Hard Turning Using CBN-L Tools at Moderate Cutting Speeds. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 5(4), 2015: 41-46.
[13] P. Lequien, G. Poulachon, J.C. Outeiro, Thermomechanical analysis induced by interrupted cutting of Ti6Al4V under several cooling strategies. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 67(1), 2018: 91-94.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2018.03.018
[14] S. Ercan, A. Kubilay, C. Adem, Tool Wear Mechanism in Interrupted Cutting Conditions. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 24, 2009: 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426910802714423
[15] M. Azuddin, Tool-workpiece temperature for continuous and interrupted cutting of ASSAB 760 steel with dry machining process. Advanced Materials Research, 476-478, 2012: 392-396.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.476-478.392
[16] X. Cu, J. Guo, Biomimetic fabrication, mechanical behavior and interrupted turning performance of the microscopic surface structures of Al2O3/TiC micronano-composite ceramic. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 811, 2019: 152012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152012
[17] A. Ugarte, R.M. Saoub, A. Garay, P.J. Arrazola, Machining behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5553 alloys in interrupted cutting with PVD coated cemented carbide. Procedia CIRP, 1, 2012:202-207.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2012.04.035
[18] M. Dogra, V. Sharma, A. Sachdeva, N.M. Suri, Tool life and surface integrity issues in continuous and interrupted finish hard turning with coated carbide and CBN tools, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 226, 2012: 431-444 https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405411418589
[19] M. Dogra, V.S. Sharm, A. Sachdeva, N.M. Suri, Finish Hard Turning of Continuous and Interrupted Surfaces with Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) and Coated Carbide Tools. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(5), 2012: 523-530. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2011.593238
[20] E.G. Plaza, A.R. Martín, P.J. Nunez, F. Mata, Diagnosis of roundness error in CNC turning operations through the optimum selection of on-line signals. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1431, 2012:339-407.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4707589
[21] P.J. Nunez López, J. Simao, E.M. Rubio, J.L.Rincon, Influence of the machining parameters on workpiece roundness error during turning operations, Materials Science Forum, 526, 2006: 127-132.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.526.127
[22] P. Dap, N.A. Tuan, Machine tool design, Science and technics publishing House, Hanoi, 1983.
[23] https://tanphuhieu.com/dau-cat-got/
[24] A. Dean, D. Voss, D. Draguljić, Design and Analysis of Experiments – Second Edition. Springer, 2007.
[25] D.D. Trung, Influence of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness in Grinding of 65G Steel. Tribology in Industry, 43(1), 2021: 167-176. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1009.11.20.01
[26] Y. Huang, L. Wang, S.Y. Liang, Handbook of Manufacturing. World Scientific Publishing, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1142/11006
[27] N. D. Loc, L. V. Tien, N. D. Ton, T. X Viet, Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering – volume 1, Science and technics publishing House, Hanoi, 2007.
[28] S. Malkin, C. Guo, Grinding technology: Theory and Applications of Machining with Abrasives (2nd Edition). New York: Industrial Press, 2008.
[29] I.D. Marinescu, M.P. Hitchiner, E. Uhlmann, W.B. Rowe, I. Inasaki, Handbook of machining with grinding wheels. CRC Press, 2006.
[30] M.P. Groover, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing, Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996.
[31] P.J. Arrazola, A. Garay, L.M. Iriarte, M. Armendia, S. Marya, F.L. Maitre, Machinability of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V and Ti555.3). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(5), 2009: 2223-2230.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.06.020
[32] M.C. Shaw, Energy conversion in cutting and grinding. CIRP Annals, 45(1), 1996: 101-104.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63025-X
[33] W. Xu, Y. Wu, T. Sato, W. Lin, Effects of process parameters on workpiece roundness in tangential-feed centerless grinding using a surface grinder. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 210(5), 2010: 759-766.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.01.003
[34] D. D. Trung, Influence of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness during Milling AISI 1045 Steel. Tribology in Industry, 42(4), 2020: 658-665. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.969.09.20.11
[35] V.T.N. Uyen, N.H. Son, Improving accuracy of surface roughness model while turning 9XC steel using a Titanium Nitride-coated cutting tool with Johnson and Box-Cox transformation. AIMS Materials Science, 8(1), 2021: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2021001
[36] P.B. Khoi, D.D. Trung, N. Cuong, N.D. Man, Research on Optimization of Plunge Centerless Grinding Process using Genetic Algorithm and Response Surface Method. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, 4(3), 2015: 207-211.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Volume 9
Number 3
September 2024
Last Edition
Volume 9
Number 3
September 2024
How to Cite
D.D. Trung, Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Roundness Error when Turning the Interrupted Surface of 40X Steel Using HSS-TiN Insert. Applied Engineering Letters, 7(1), 2022: pp.1-9.
https://doi.org/10.18485/aeletters.2022.7.1.1
More Citation Formats
Trung, D. D. (2022). Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Roundness Error When Turning the Interrupted Surface of 40X Steel Using HSS-TiN Insert. Applied Engineering Letters, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.18485/aeletters.2022.7.1.1
Trung, Do Duc. “Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Roundness Error When Turning the Interrupted Surface of 40X Steel Using HSS-TiN Insert.” Applied Engineering Letters : Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022, pp. 1–9, https://doi.org/10.18485/aeletters.2022.7.1.1.
Trung, Do Duc, 2022. “Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Roundness Error When Turning the Interrupted Surface of 40X Steel Using HSS-TiN Insert.” Applied Engineering Letters, 7 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.18485/aeletters.2022.7.1.1.
Trung, D.D. (2022). Effect of Cutting Parameters on the Surface Roughness and Roundness Error When Turning the Interrupted Surface of 40X Steel Using HSS-TiN Insert. Applied Engineering Letters, 7(1), pp.1–9.
doi: 10.18485/aeletters.2022.7.1.1.
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EFFECT OF CUTTING PARAMETERS ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND ROUNDNESS ERROR WHEN TURNING THE INTERRUPTED SURFACE OF 40X STEEL USING HSS-TiN INSERT
Authors:
Do Duc Trung1
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi City, 100000, Vietnam
Received: 23.08.2021.
Accepted: 13.02.2022.
Available: 31.03.2022.
Abstract:
This paper presents a research on investigating the effect of cutting parameters on the surface roughness (Ra) and roundness error (RE) when turning the interrupted surface of 40X steel. The TiN coated high speed steel (HSS-TiN) inserts were used in this research. The cutting parameters include cutting velocity, feed rate, and depth of cut. The Box-Behnken method was applied to develop an experimental matrix with fifteen experiments. The influences of cutting parameters on Ra and RE were found using Pareto chart. Two equations that presented the relationship between Ra, RE and cutting parameters were established. These two equations were used to predict Ra and RE. Genetic algorithm (GA) was also used to determine the optimal values of cutting parameters to simultaneously ensure the minimum values of Ra and RE. The further works of this study was also mentioned in this paper
Keywords:
Interrupted surface, turning, 40X steel, HSS-TiN, surface roughness, roundness error, GA
References:
[1] O. Barıs, D. Halil, T. Mustafa, The effect of mechanical properties and the cutting parameters on machinability of AISI 5140 steel cooled at high cooling rates after hot forging. Journal of polytechnic, 22(4), 2019: 879-887 https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.479345
[2] R. Minodora, T. Lorena, H. Mioara, C. Ion, Tribological characterization of surface topography using abbott-firestone curve. National tribology conference, 24-26 September 2003, Galati, Romania, 208-213.
[3] V.V. Tinh, D.Q. Dung, N. .H. Thanh, Study on the tool wear mechanism when turning hard steel 40X. Transport journal, 6, 2018: 12-20.
[4] D.N. Tu, Program the machining of 40X alloy steel parts with complex surfaces on a CNC lathe, Master thesis. Hanoi university of science and technology, 2014.
[5] F. Kahraman, Optimization of cutting parameters for surface roughness in turning of studs manufactured from AISI 5140 steel using the Taguchi method. Materials Testing, 59(1), 2017: 77-80. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110968
[6] K. Mustafa, A. Abdullah, Y.P. Danil, G. Khaled, M. Tadeusz, S. Shubham, Modeling of Cutting Parameters and Tool Geometry for MultiCriteria Optimization of Surface Roughness and Vibration via Response Surface Methodology in Turning of AISI 5140 Steel. Materials, 13(19), 2020: 4242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13194242
[7] V.A.A. Godoy, A.E. Diniz, Turning of interrupted and continuous hardened steel surfaces using ceramic and CBN cutting tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211, 2011: 1014-1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.002
[8] F. Klocke, E. Brinksmeier, K. Weinert, Capability Profile of Hard Cutting and Grinding Processes. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 54(2), 2005: 22-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60018-3
[9] A.J.D. Oliveira, A.E. Diniz, D.J. Ursolino, Hard turning in continuous and interrupted cut with PCBN and whisker-reinforced cutting tools. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(12-13), 2009: 5262-5270 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.03.012
[10] T.J. Ko, H.S. Kim, Surface Integrity and Machineability in Intermittent Hard Turning. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 18, 2001: 168-175 https://doi.org/10.1007/s001700170072
[11] T. Chwalczuk, M. Wiciak, A. Felusia, P. Kieruj, An Investigation of Tool Performance in Interrupted Turning of Inconel 718, MATEC Web of Conferences, 237, 2020: 02008. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823702008
[12] R. Sehgal, M. Nayak, R.K. Sharma, Continuous and Interrupted Hard Turning Using CBN-L Tools at Moderate Cutting Speeds. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering , 5(4), 2015: 41-46.
[13] P. Lequien, G. Poulachon, J.C. Outeiro, Thermomechanical analysis induced by interrupted cutting of Ti6Al4V under several cooling strategies. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 67(1), 2018: 91-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2018.03.018
[14] S. Ercan, A. Kubilay, C. Adem, Tool Wear Mechanism in Interrupted Cutting Conditions. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 24, 2009: 476-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426910802714423
[15] M. Azuddin, Tool-workpiece temperature for continuous and interrupted cutting of ASSAB 760 steel with dry machining process, Advanced Materials Research, 476-478, 2012: 392-396 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.476-478.392
[16] X. Cu, J. Guo, Biomimetic fabrication, mechanical behavior and interrupted turning performance of the microscopic surface structures of Al2O3/TiC micronano-composite ceramic. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 811, 2019: 152012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152012
[17] A. Ugarte, R.M. Saoub, A. Garay, P.J. Arrazola, Machining behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5553 alloys in interrupted cutting with PVD coated cemented carbide. Procedia CIRP, 1, 2012:202-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2012.04.035
[18] M. Dogra, V. Sharma, A. Sachdeva, N.M. Suri, Tool life and surface integrity issues in continuous and interrupted finish hard turning with coated carbide and CBN tools, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 226, 2012: 431-444 https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405411418589
[19] M. Dogra, V.S. Sharm, A. Sachdeva, N.M. Suri, Finish Hard Turning of Continuous and Interrupted Surfaces with Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) and Coated Carbide Tools. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27(5), 2012: 523-530. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2011.593238
[20] E.G. Plaza, A.R. Martín, P.J. Nunez, F. Mata, Diagnosis of roundness error in CNC turning operations through the optimum selection of on-line signals. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1431, 2012:339-407.https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4707589
[21] P.J. Nunez López, J. Simao, E.M. Rubio, J.L.Rincon, Influence of the machining parameters on workpiece roundness error during turning operations, Materials Science Forum, 526, 2006: 127-132. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.526.127
[22] P. Dap, N.A. Tuan, Machine tool design, Science and technics publishing House, Hanoi, 1983.
[23] https://tanphuhieu.com/dau-cat-got/
[24] A. Dean, D. Voss, D. Draguljić, Design and Analysis of Experiments – Second Edition. Springer, 2007.
[25] D.D. Trung, Influence of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness in Grinding of 65G Steel. Tribology in Industry, 43(1), 2021: 167-176. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1009.11.20.01
[26] Y. Huang, L. Wang, S.Y. Liang, Handbook of Manufacturing. World Scientific Publishing, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1142/11006
[27] N. D. Loc, L. V. Tien, N. D. Ton, T. X Viet, Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering – volume 1, Science and technics publishing House, Hanoi, 2007.
[28] S. Malkin, C. Guo, Grinding technology: Theory and Applications of Machining with Abrasives (2nd Edition). New York: Industrial Press, 2008.
[29] I.D. Marinescu, M.P. Hitchiner, E. Uhlmann, W.B. Rowe, I. Inasaki, Handbook of machining with grinding wheels. CRC Press, 2006.
[30] M.P. Groover, Fundamentals of Modern Manufacturing, Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996.
[31] P.J. Arrazola, A. Garay, L.M. Iriarte, M. Armendia, S. Marya, F.L. Maitre, Machinability of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V and Ti555.3). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(5), 2009: 2223-2230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.06.020
[32] M.C. Shaw, Energy conversion in cutting and grinding. CIRP Annals, 45(1), 1996: 101-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63025-X
[33] W. Xu, Y. Wu, T. Sato, W. Lin, Effects of process parameters on workpiece roundness in tangential-feed centerless grinding using a surface grinder. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 210(5), 2010: 759-766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.01.003
[34] D. D. Trung, Influence of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness during Milling AISI 1045 Steel, Tribology in Industry, 42(4), 2020: 658-665. https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.969.09.20.11
[35] V.T.N. Uyen, N.H. Son, Improving accuracy of surface roughness model while turning 9XC steel using a Titanium Nitride-coated cutting tool with Johnson and Box-Cox transformation. AIMS Materials Science, 8(1), 2021: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2021001
[36] P.B. Khoi, D.D. Trung, N. Cuong, N.D. Man, Research on Optimization of Plunge Centerless Grinding Process using Genetic Algorithm and Response Surface Method. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, 4(3), 2015: 207-211.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Volume 9
Number 3
September 2024
Last Edition
Volume 9
Number 3
September 2024