Peer Reviewers Should:

• Only agree to review manuscripts for which they have the subject expertise required to carry out a proper assessment and which they can assess in a timely manner.
• Respect the confidentiality of peer review and not reveal any details of a manuscript or its review, during or after the peer-review process, beyond those that are released by the journal.
• Do not use information obtained during the peer-review process for their own or any other person’s or organization’s advantage, or to disadvantage or discredit others.
• Do not use AI or AI-assisted tools (such as ChatGPT) to review submissions or to generate peer review reports.
• Declare all potential conflicting interests, seeking advice from the journal if they are unsure whether something constitutes a relevant interest.
• Do not allow your reviews to be influenced by the origins of a manuscript, by the nationality, religious or political beliefs, gender or other characteristics of the authors, or by commercial considerations.
• Be objective and constructive in their reviews, refraining from being hostile or inflammatory and from making libellous or derogatory personal comments.
• Acknowledge that peer review is largely a reciprocal endeavour and undertake to carry out their fair share of reviews in a timely manner.
• Provide journals with personal and professional information that is accurate and a true representation of their expertise.